Economics

Revenue buckets, rebate tiers, stake boost, and risk controls.

Revenue Buckets

Each epoch’s gross revenue is split into four on-chain buckets.

Users Pool75%Loss rebates — capped, never exceeded

Token Pool7%Games staker distributions

Retained8%Bankroll growth

Team Fee10%Protocol revenue

grossRevenue = max(0, totalVolume − totalPaidOut) — actual house edge per epoch, floored at zero. A net-losing epoch produces no revenue.

Rebate Tiers

Tiers are determined by each player’s share of total handle over a rolling 21-day window (3 epochs).

Tier Schedule5 tiers

Tier	Handle Share	Base Rebate	At Max Boost (≥5% staked)
Whale	≥ 10%	67%	100%
VIP	≥ 5%	50%	75%
High Roller	≥ 2%	30%	45%
Regular	≥ 1%	15%	22.5%
Casual	< 1%	1%	1.5%

Rebate Calculation

Five-step pipeline from raw play to final payout. Each step is deterministic and verifiable on-chain.

Calculation Steps5 steps

Step 1Actual Loss

actualLoss = max(0, handle − totalWon)

Your handle is total pUSD played during the epoch. If net positive, actual loss is zero and no rebate is owed.

Step 2Tier Determination

Tiers based on your share of total protocol volume over a rolling 21-day window (3 epochs). See the tier table above.

Step 3Staking Boost

boost = min(1 + (stakedPct × 10), 1.5)

stakedPct = your staked HOUSE ÷ circulating supply. Maximum 1.5×. Boost frozen at epoch start.

Step 4Requested Rebate

requested = actualLoss × baseRebate × boost

At maximum (Whale + 1.5× boost): 67% × 1.5 = 100.5%, capped at 100%.

Step 5Solvency Cap

cap = usersPool × yourHandle / epochTotalHandle finalRebate = min(requested, cap)

Total rebates paid across all players can never exceed the users pool.

Stake Boost

Staking $HOUSE tokens increases rebates. The boost is computed from the player’s share of circulating supply, capped at 1.5×.

Boost Formulamax 1.5×

boost = min(1 + (stakedPct × 10), 1.5)

Snapshotted and frozen at epoch start — staking or unstaking mid-epoch has no effect.

1% of supply staked10% boost → 1.1× multiplier

5% of supply staked50% boost → 1.5× (capped)

Effective Protocol Advantage

The rebate system reduces the effective protocol advantage. The higher your tier and staking position, the less the protocol advantage costs you over time at expected values.

Without Staking Boostbase rebate

Tier	Rebate	Roulette adv.	Wheel adv.	Slots adv.
Casual	1%	2.68%	2.97%	3.96%
Regular	15%	2.30%	2.55%	3.40%
High Roller	30%	1.89%	2.10%	2.80%
VIP	50%	1.35%	1.50%	2.00%
Whale	67%	0.89%	0.99%	1.32%

With Maximum Staking Boost (1.5×)boosted

Tier	Eff. Rebate	Roulette adv.	Wheel adv.	Slots adv.
Casual	1.5%	2.66%	2.96%	3.94%
Regular	22.5%	2.09%	2.33%	3.10%
High Roller	45%	1.49%	1.65%	2.20%
VIP	75%	0.68%	0.75%	1.00%
Whale	100%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%

At Whale tier with maximum boost, the rebate covers 100% of actual losses — the effective protocol advantage reaches zero over time at expected values. Actual per-epoch results remain subject to variance, solvency cap allocation, and claim timing.

Risk Controls (NPL)

Each bet’s net payout liability (NPL) is checked against a fresh bankroll snapshot before acceptance.

NPL = maxPayout − wager houseCapital = musd.balanceOf(protocol) − totalProtocolBalances bankrollSnapshot = houseCapital − globalOpenNpl

NPL Limits3 thresholds

Per-wager NPL≤ 0.2% of bankroll

Per-player open NPL≤ 1.0% of bankroll

Global open NPL≤ 5.0% of bankroll

Player deposits are liabilities owed back — only the house’s own capital (direct USDm transfers to the protocol + accumulated retained earnings) backs the NPL limits.